颗粒含量对液固二相流体润滑特性影响的试验研究

利用自制的活塞环-缸套摩擦磨损试验台,基于实验探讨了固体颗粒含量对液固二相流体润滑特性的影响。液固二相润滑剂是由纯油和质量分数为0、0.1%、0.5%、1%、2%、5%的MoS2颗粒混合而成的。试验过程中在线测量了摩擦副表面本体温度和摩擦力,并测试试验前后缸套表面的表面形貌和磨损量。结果表明,在颗粒质量分数大于0.5%后,系统的摩擦力、表面本体温度、磨损量均有不同程度的改善,1.5μm粒径的MoS2颗粒的最佳添加量约为2%。     

基于奇异值分解的铣削力信号处理与铣床状态信息分离

利用连续截断信号构造矩阵,通过奇异值分解可以将信号表示为一系列分量信号的简单线性叠加,证明了各分量之间是两两正交的,且具有零相位偏移特性.根据分量信号的信息量可以确定合理的矩阵结构.对铣削力信号的处理实例表明,奇异值分解方法分离出机床主轴旋转基频近乎完整的时域波形,分辨出两个频率很接近的信号分量,发现信号中隐藏的调幅现象,证实机床的爬行并确定爬行频率.最后与小波变换的结果进行比较,表明这一方法对铣削力信号的分离效果优于小波变换.     

横向超声振动对金刚石线锯切割硬脆材料锯切力及临界切削深度的影响

硬脆晶体材料,如SiC、Ge和Si等,由于其临界切削深度极小,常规加工方法很难实现塑性模式加工,研究横向超声振动金刚石线锯对硬脆材料锯切力和临界切削深度的影响有重要意义。在研究线锯受迫振动的基础上,分析金刚石线锯在横向超声波激励下柔性旋转点切割硬脆材料的条件;用特征函数对超声激励下金刚石线锯的振动切割状态进行表征;应用磨削理论建立了单颗金刚石磨粒切割硬脆材料的力学模型;推导出超声振动激励下金刚石线锯锯切硬脆材料临界切削深度的计算公式。以单晶SiC为对象,进行了超声振动线锯切割和普通线锯切割对比试验。结果表明相同条件下,超声振动线锯切割SiC的锯切力比普通线锯的锯切力减少22.4%~64.2%,临界切削深度增加1倍,晶片表面粗糙度有明显的改善。试验结果与理论分析具有良好的一致性。     

一种基于力觉的机器人对孔装配方法

针对带电作业机器人更换金属氧化物避雷器过程中精确对孔装配的需要,提出一种基于力觉自主控制机器人在绝缘横担上寻孔并装配避雷器的方法。控制过程中针对避雷器下端头的特殊形状以及电杆绝缘横担的作业场景,在机器人末端加装力觉传感器,将转换后的力作为被控量,设计一种由触担、寻孔、渐入和插入四个过程构成的对孔装配策略,使机器人能够将避雷器的下端头准确地插入横担上的安装孔。试验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

Development of in situ system to monitor the machining process using a piezo load cell

The measurement of cutting force is one of the most frequently used techniques for monitoring machining processes. Its widespread application ranges from tool condition identification, feedback control and cutting system design to process optimization.This paper suggests another system for measuring cutting force in milling processes. Generally, tool dynamometers are taken into account for the most appropriate cutting force measuring tool in the analysis of a cutting mechanism. However, high prices and limited working space make in situ systems difficult for a controllable milling process. Although an alternative suggestion is to use an AC current from a servomotor, it is unsuitable for cutting force monitoring because of a small upper frequency limit and noise.The suggested cutting force measuring system is composed of two piezo load cells placed between the moving table bracket and the nut flange of the ball screw. It has many advantages, such as lower cost and a wider measurement range than the tool dynamometer, over using the built-in feeding system and the low-cost piezo load cell for applying a conventional machining center.This paper focuses on the performance test of a newly developed measuring system. By comparing the cutting force between the tool dynamometer and the system developed from a series of end milling experiments, the accuracy of the cutting force measurement system was verified. Linearity, transverse sensitivity and the upper frequency limit of the system were verified by experiment.     

Cutting Force Model for a Small-diameter Helical Milling Cutter

In the milling process, the major flank wear land area (two-dimensional measurement for the wear) of a small-diameter milling cutter, as wear standard, can reflect actual changes of the wear land of the cutter. By analyzing the wearing characteristics of the cutter, a cutting force model based on the major flank wear land area is established. Characteristic parameters such as pressure parameter and friction parameter are calculated by substituting tested data into their corresponding equations. The cutting force model for the helical milling cutter is validated by experiments. The computational and experimental results show that the cutting force model is almost consistent with the actual cutting conditions. Thus, the cutting force model established in the research can provide a theoretical foundation for monitoring the condition of a milling process that uses a small-diameter helical milling cutter.     

SiCp/Cu复合材料切削加工性及其加工表面微观结构研究

通过应变测力仪，测量每一组切削用量参数下Cu及SiCp／Cu复合材料的切削力，并用电子显微镜观察分析切削表面的微观结构。研究表明：由于SiC颗粒对位错运动的阻碍，在SiCp／Cu界面处形成位错塞集群，产生应力集中，使SiCp／Cu复合材料切削过程呈典型的脆性分离；切削力随背吃刀量和进给量的增大而增大，随切削速度的增大而减小。     

混合型磁轴承励磁及控制分析

磁悬浮轴承可以单独由轴向控制使其稳定,轴向轴承用于稳定转子并且无接触地提供转矩。转子在悬浮状态可达到每秒数千转的速度,是一种较简单成功的磁悬浮电机。     

"多点应力法"测量多级离心泵轴向力和径向力

提出了用“多点压力法”测量多级离心泵轴向力和径向力，在泵轴向空间无法安装外接测量装置时解决了测量问题。利用测量的数据，可靠地修正了原有平衡鼓的外径，结果表明该方法简便，精确，能降低测量成本，缩短测量时间。     

超声振动钻削SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料时的切削力研究

采用超声振动钻削的方法对金属基复合材料进行孔加工。在自行研制的超声钻削设备的基础上使用不同材质的硬质合金麻花钻,对不同含量的SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料(SiCp/Al)进行了普通钻削与超声振动钻削的对比试验,并分析比较了加工中切削力的变化规律。试验表明,超声振动钻削可以降低切削力,在一定程度上改善钻削机理。